6 Signs Of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding And Its Causes

FIFTAK: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most important causes of concern for women, and by looking around you can see that some of them are not aware of their problem and think that their menstrual cycle has become irregular. For this reason, we asked Parisa Almasi, an obstetrician, about the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding.

Normal and abnormal bleeding

Parisa Almasi, midwifery expert, points to natural bleeding and says: "Naturally, the duration of each menstrual cycle is 7 to 28 days. The amount of normal bleeding is on average 35 cc and a maximum of 80 cc and its duration is about 3 to 7 days. Menstrual blood is usually dark and clot-free.This midwifery expert considers the disturbance in the amount of estrogen and progesterone hormones or their compatibility as one of the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding and says: "Bleeding after intercourse is seen in cases of cervical cancer, cervical polyps, and cervical and vaginal infections. But the definite diagnosis of this disease is done by examination, test, pap smear test and ultrasound."

Know abnormal uterine bleeding

Almasi describes the state of these bleedings as follows:1- Bleeding of more than 80 cc during menstruation, which occurs due to malignant tumors and pregnancy.2- Bleeding for more than 7 days during menstruation, women who see a small amount of bleeding in this state or sometimes have only spotting during menstruation. Sometimes those who take oral contraceptive pills have this amount of menstruation3- Bleeding at any time. For example, between menstrual periods, such as spotting in the middle of the cycle due to ovulation, polyps of the inner layer of the uterus, cervical cancer, excessive weight loss.4- The intervals between periods should be less than 21 days or 24 days, like no ovulation.5- Intervals between periods are more than 35 days, such as estrogen-secreting tumors.6- Irregular or excessive bleeding or both during menstruation or between menstrual periods; such as pregnancy complications and the use of birth control pills

Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding

This midwifery expert introduces 4 reasons for uterine bleeding:1- In pregnancy: spontaneous abortion, misplaced pregnancy. The most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding is pregnancy complications.2- Uterine tumors (malignant or benign, polyps of the cervix and inner layers of the uterus, increase in cervical cells and other tumors3- Infection: Cervical infection and infection of the inner layer of the uterus4- Hormonal disturbances which include: A- In the hormones produced by the body itself: lack of ovulation and estrogenic tumors of the ovary cause hormonal disturbances.B- In external hormones: the administration of estrogen and oral contraceptive pills causes hormonal confusion.5- Foreign object in uterus: like IUD6- Systemic diseases such as thyroid hyperactivity or hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, kidney failure and other diseases.

Bleeding after menopause

Almasi mentions the causes of bleeding during menopause and says about it: "The causes of this condition can be the destruction of the inner tissue of the uterus, endometrial polyps, estrogen treatment or cancer. Of course, the most common cause of bleeding at this time is the destruction of the internal tissue of the uterus."If women's menstruation is sudden and accompanied by heavy bleeding, it is a sign of a malignant tumor or pregnancy complications. On this basis, Almasi says about the treatment of these bleedings: "After these patients come complaining of abnormal bleeding, the treatment is done. First, drug treatment has priority. Also, surgery is performed in these people when medical treatment is unsuccessful or prohibited. The treatment method is done according to the cause of the bleeding, the patient's desire, the availability of newer technologies, and careful consideration of the risks versus the benefits of the treatment.